draft only  8 August 2002
Australian research on school libraries, teacher-librarianship and information literacy
Much of this has come directly from the following sources:
Scan's Research columns refereed by Dr Ross J. Todd, former Head of Department of Information Studies, University of Technology, Sydney, and now Associate Professor, School of Communication, Information and Library Studies at Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.. Scan features current research in information literacy and the role of the teacher-librarian. Contact Colleen Foley PEO, School Libraries and Information Literacy for more information.

ACCESS, the journal published by ASLA (Australian School Library Association) features research studies.

IASL International Association of School Librarianship PUBLISHED ARTICLES AND PAPERS ABOUT RESEARCH IN SCHOOL LIBRARIANSHIP 1990-1995 http://www.iasl-slo.org/resbook.html
This is a list of the articles that were considered for inclusion in the publication Sustaining the Vision: A Collection of Articles and Papers about Research in School Librarianship, published by the International Association of School Librarianship in 1996 



Abell, Jill 'The impact of the use of school libraries on student achievement' 027.8 School Library Bulletin 5/1, 1999
Abell reported on findings from Mapping literacy achievement: Results of the 1996 national school literacy survey. Higher levels of student achievement were associated with extensive use of the school library in Year 5.

ALIA Information Literacy Forum http://www.alia.org.au/groups/infolit/
National Information Literacy Coalition Advocacy Project
"A major activity has been establishing a process to assess the feasibility of a national coalition to advocate for information literacy among the education, government and corporate sectors. We have obtained a small amount of funds to support this and formed a "mini" coalition with the National Library of Australia and a key government agency the National Office for the Information Economy. This agency has a remit to address issues on the "digital divide" among other functions. The funds have enabled us to employ the respected Australian Council for Educational Research (ACER)  (http://www.acer.edu.au) to conduct the feasibility study and report.

The final report on the feasibility of a national coalition has been received. The steering committee is in the process of developing a communication/action strategy in order to advance it. The research group ACER carried out a global search for a  parallel body and was unable to locate any apart from the US National Information Literacy Forum. They also surveyed over 90 organisations and spoke to 20 of these in detail. We are hoping to release the report in May/June. Please contact Prue Mercer, pmercer@slv.vic.gov.au, if you have any queries."

Amey, L.J. ed (1987) Combining libraries: the Canadian and Australian experience Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow Press

Brien, D.P. The teaching and learning processes involved in primary school children's research projects. Doctoral dissertation, University of New South Wales, 1995
Brien (1995) found that a structured approach using intervention strategies gave Year 3 and Year 6 students 'a significant learning advantage' compared to students who did not have instruction of various critical thinking skills embedded in a complex problem solving task.

Bruce, Christine (1997) The seven faces of information literacy, AUSLIB Press, Adelaide. This PhD work, University of New England, was in higher education, but may have relevance.  http://www.fit.qut.edu.au/InfoSys/bruce/inflit/faces/faces1.htm

Bruce, Christine. 'The experience of information literacy: toward a holistic model' in Scan 17(1), February 1998, 40-45.  http://www.schools.nsw.edu.au/schoollibraries/scan/17_1998/171res.htm

Bundy, Dr Alan Joint-use libraries - the ultimate form of cooperation Chapter contributed to a book on library planning to be published in 2002 by Greenwood Press, USA http://www.library.unisa.edu.au/papers/jointuse.htm

Bundy, A.L. (2001) Essential connections: school and public libraries for lifelong learning Australasian public libraries and information services 14(4) December 142-158

For the public good: joint use libraries in Australia and New Zealand Professional Experience Program Leave Report 1 July - 1 December 1999 http://www.library.unisa.edu.au/papers/public.htm  (Joint-use libraries was Bundy's PhD topic)

EdNA Education Network Australia  Quick links:  ICT Research (to be checked)

Fenwick, S School and children's libraries in Australia: a report to the Children's Libraries Section of the Library Association of Australia Cheshire, Melbourne 1966

HAWKES, Jackie C. 'Views from the top: the information skills process and senior students' in Scan 16(3), August 1997, 47-52.
http://www.schools.nsw.edu.au/schoollibraries/scan/16_1997/163res.htm

Hay, L. Henri, J. and Oberg, D. (1999). The role of the principal in an information literate school community: Think global, act local. In Henri J. and Bonanno K. (eds). (1999) The information literate school community: Best practice. Wagga Wagga, NSW: Centre for Information Studies, Charles Sturt University, 119-144.

Jones, Evon 'The value of research assignments'  Scan 15/3 1996 http://www.schools.nsw.edu.au/schoollibraries/scan/15_1996/jones_a.htm
Jones (1993) found in her review of the literature that the research consistently asserts that students need intervention, at key stages. From her own research in Queensland (Masters of Educational Studies, University of Queensland) she found that
           'Many teachers did not have a clear understanding of the many and varied skills required in the search process
           and their difficulties. They felt that by providing detailed instructions they were giving their students sufficient
           direction to complete the task.'
Very few teachers checked more than the rough draft, and many did not even do that. Teachers were not clear about the two areas, notetaking and outlining, where the greatest re-processing of information and therefore, learning, takes place. Teachers assumed students had the strategies needed. Some did not. (Scan)

Management Committee for the national School English Literacy Survey Mapping literacy achievement: results of the National School English Literacy Survey. Canberra; DEETYA, 1987 (cited by Abell)

McNicholas, C. & Todd, R. New kids on the box: is it worth the Investment. Scan, 15(4), November 1996, 40-42.

Oberg, D, Hay, L and Henri, J (in press) 'The role of the principal in an information literate school community: Design and administration of an international research project.' School Library Media Research. http://ala8.ala.org/aasl/SLMR

Ryan, Sandra. 'The impact of transformational leadership on primary school libraries: three case studies' in Scan 16(2), May 1997, 46-51.
http://www.schools.nsw.edu.au/schoollibraries/scan/16_1997/162res.htm
Ryan, Sandra. Impact of leadership within the self-managing school on the staffing and resourcing levels in parish primary school libraries. (unpublished), 1993
Ryan explored transformational leadership in schools, and its impact on the provision of school library services, in a focus study submitted as partial course requirements for the Master of Library and Information Studies at the University of Melbourne. The culture of excellence created by transformational leaders in the three schools studied ensured that the provision of library services has a high priority, and appropriate levels of resources have been channelled to the library. These resources are both human and physical: human in terms of the staffing allocation which is "better" by comparison, and physical, in terms of the facilities and the collection development. (Scan)

Sivanesarajah, Yaso, McNicholas, Celeste and Todd, Ross 'Making sense of Science: An information skills approach' Science Education News 42 Spring 1993 pp 25-2

Todd, R. J. 'Integrated information skills instruction: does it make a difference?'. School Library Media Quarterly, 23 (2), 1995 p. 133-139.
Todd (1992, 1995) found in a Sydney school that integrating information skills into the Year 7 Science program resulted in improved test scores as well as information skills, improved recall, increased concentration and focus on the task, and improved reflective thinking. There also appeared to be an impact on students' attitudes to school, self-esteem, and their confidence to take charge of their own learning.

Todd, Ross J. & O'Connell, Judith. 'Teachers as learners: transformational leadership and autonomous learning in an electronic age' in Scan 18(3) August, 1999, 41-47.

Todd, R. (1999a) Utilization of heroin information by adolescent girls in Australia: a cognitive analysis, Journal of the American Society of Information Science, vol. 50, no. 1

VINE, Pamela. 'Research assignments and staff development: an action research approach' in Scan 20(1) February, 2001, 25-31.



NEW ZEALAND

GRANT, Vivien. 'Information skills and their impact on learning: a New  Zealand study' in Scan 17(2), May 1998, 50-54.
http://www.schools.nsw.edu.au/schoollibraries/scan/17_1998/172res.htm

MOORE, Penny. 'Information literacy: the importance of questions' in Scan 15(1), February 1996, 43-46.
http://www.schools.nsw.edu.au/schoollibraries/scan/15_1996/moore.htm

Moore, P. A. & St. George, A. (1991). 'Children as information seekers' in School Library Media Quarterly,   19 (3), 161­168.

Moore, P. A. (1995) 'Information Problem Solving: A wider view of library skills' in Contemporary Educational Psychology   20, 1­31.


Todd has reported on research findings in students' electronic information seeking (2000, 2001): 

Failure to retrieve documents based on aboutness; formulating ineffective search queries; failure to utilize Boolean operators. McNicholas & Todd (1996); Todd (2000)
Insecurity and uncertainty when searching. McNicholas & Todd (1996)
Problems working with search engines. McNicholas & Todd (1996)
Inability to judge quality of information. Unable to judge relevance of information.  McNicholas & Todd (1996)
Time management issues, workload management, meeting deadlines. Tendency to plagiarize.McNicholas & Todd (1996)
from SLAV professional development papers and presentations
to check

Angus, Max and Olney, Harriet Our future: Report of a survey of Australian government primary school principals. Sunbury Vic; Australian Primary Principals’ Association, 2001  http://www.appa.asn.au/

Bigum, C and Kenwoy, J The new information literacies and schools; Working paper 96029 Geelong, Deakin University, 1998 (cited by Bundy)

Bruce, C. S. (2000) Information literacy programs and research: an international review, Australian Library Journal, vol. 49, no3, pp. 209-218.

Bruce, C.S. (2000) Information literacy research: dimensions of an emerging collective consciousness, Australian Academic and Research Libraries, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 91-109.

Bundy, Alan For a clever country: information literacy diffusion in the 21st century. Background and issues paper for the first national roundtable on information literacy conducted by the Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA) and held at the State Library of Victoria 28 February 2001 http://www.library.unisa.edu.au//papers/clever.htm

Bundy, Alan Information Literacy: the Foundation of Lifelong Learning Paper presented at the Lifelong learning annual conference of the South Australian Association of School Parents Clubs (SAASPC) 15-16 August 2000 http://www.library.unisa.edu.au//papers/found.htm

Bundy, Alan Pedagogy, Politics, Power: Preaching Information Literacy to the unconverted. Keynote address on Information Literacy to the
Catholic Teacher Librarians Conference in New South Wales, 3 August 1997 http://www.library.unisa.edu.au//papers/infolit1.htm

Butterworth, Margaret  'The moving target; education in the information age.' Learning resourcefully: challenges for teacher-librarians in the information age. Adelaide; Auslib, 1996

Candy, Philip (1996) Major themes and future directions, in Booker, D ed Learning for life: information li

Candy, Philip C., Crebert, Gay and O’Leary, Jane (1994) Developing lifelong learners through undergraduate education National Board of Employment Education and Training, AGPS, Canberra

Hall, N (1986) Teachers, information and school libraries UNESCO, General Information Programme, Paris, ED 275342

Mayer, Eric Opening address 'Learning for life; information literacy and the autonomous learner Second national information literacy conference proceedings edited by Di Booker Adelaide, University of South Australia Library, 1996

Roe, Ernest (1969a) ‘$27 million dollars worth of better education’ The Australian library journal vol.18 no.6  pp194-199

Todd, Ross, 'Information literacy: philosophy, principles and practice' School Libraries Worldwide, 1/1, 1995

Todd has reported on research findings in students' electronic information seeking (2000, 2001):
 
3.  Complete Report of the GWP
Abstract: Technologies for Enhanced Learning Current and Future Use of Technologies in School Education Report of the Victorian Government Working Party on the Use of Technology as an Education and Communications Facility in Schools Chairman: Ross Smith MP September 1994 © The Directorate of School Education, 
http://www.sofweb.vic.edu.au/lt/docs/tfel.doc
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4.  Successful Interventions
Abstract: CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1 1.MAIN FINDINGS 3 2. Context and purposes of the study 5 3. The research approach 8 4. The Project Schools and Students 12 5.The Literacy Programs 18 6.School Site Visits and Observations 25 7.The DART Assessments 32 8. Teachers’ Perspectives: the Logbooks 48 9.The Student 
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Some information literacy developments

To be checked - This has been copied directly from:
For a clever country: information literacy diffusion in the 21st century http://www.library.unisa.edu.au/papers/clever.htm

Background and issues paper for the first national roundtable on information literacy conducted by the Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA) and held at the State Library of Victoria 28 February 2001

Dr Alan Bundy, University Librarian, University of South Australia, alan.bundy@unisa.edu.au

1989 the Australian National Board of Employment, Education and Training commissioned the Ross report Library provision in higher education institutions AGPS, Canberra 1990

     Terms of reference number 9 : The role of higher education libraries in preparing those training for the professions in information literacy  pvi

     The library as educator  pp66-71:  It is thought that the concept of information literacy does not have wide currency outside
      library circles, where it is the subject of a considerable literature  p66

Volume 1 Australia as an information society Report of the House of Representatives Committee for Longterm Strategies AGPS, Canberra 1991

    There is also a need for people to develop an understanding of their information rights and
     become information literate.  This could take the form of increased opportunities for students to
     develop information awareness and skills in a more concerted way than is currently the case in
     education.  At the tertiary level there is a need for all graduates to have an understanding of the
     links between values and information as well as information handling skills.  There is also a need
     for specific programs to be put in place at all levels of education to develop information handling
     skills in students.  These programs should allow for the subtle nature of information and not be
     equated with computer skills  p26

1992 in the Higher Education Council’s Achieving quality of higher education AGPS, Canberra 1992

The characteristics of graduates  p22: Generic skills.  They include such qualities as critical thinking, intellectual curiosity, problem solving, logical and independent thought, effective communication and related skills in identifying, accessing and managing information

1992, the Mayer reports Employment related key competencies for post compulsory education and training NBEET Canberra 1992 identified as the first key competency

        Collecting, analysing and organising ideas and information
        The capacity to locate information, sift and sort information in order to select what is required and point out in a useful way,
        and evaluate both the information itself and the sources and methods used to obtain it

From 1992 national information literacy conferences have been conducted every two years by the University of South Australia in association with the Australian Library and Information Association. Information on the conference proceedings is at  www.library.unisa.edu.au

1994 Developing lifelong learners through undergraduate education AGPS, Canberra 1994

   In the information age, mastery of all manner of electronic databases, indexes and networks is essential
   just to keep in touch with current developments in the field and to be familiar with information retrieval
   systems which enable the new graduate to function both as a competent professional, and as a member of
   the community.  It is important, therefore, that graduates leave university equipped with the skills and
   strategies to locate, access, retrieve, evaluate, manage and make use of information in a variety of fields,
   rather than with a finite body of knowledge that will soon be outdated and irrelevant.  Mastery of these skills
   provides the potential for lifelong learning¾learning which will no longer be dependent on a
   lecture centred exposition of knowledge but which provides the student with an awareness
   of the relevance and purpose of their own learning (S35, p1)  pp102-103

1995 Auslib Press published The Learning link: information literacy in practice edited by Di Booker. Auslib Press PO Box 622 Blackwood SA 5051 <www.auslib.com.au>

In 2000 Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga published Information literacy around the world: advances in programs and research edited by Professor Philip Candy and Dr Christine Bruce

2000 the Central Qld University conducted the first international lifelong learning conference, with 15 papers presented on information literacy.  Proceedings available from Auslib Press <www.auslib.com.au>

February 2001 1st national roundtable on information literacy to bring together educators, librarians, business, professional and community leaders.  Email PMercer@slv.vic.gov.au

2001 establishment of the Australian and New Zealand Institute for Information Literacy (ANZIIL). Email irene.doskatsch@ unisa.edu.au

Nov 2001 5th national information literacy conference Information literacy: the social action agenda.  Email irene.doskatsch@ unisa.edu.au

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NSW Teacher-Librarians